Betamax Voip - The Cheapest Voip

Friday, December 5, 2008

Eye for IP Telephony

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VoIP also makes possible other services that older telephony systems can’t

provide. VoIP telephony services are interoperable, meaning that they work
well over all kinds of networks. They are also highly portable, which means
they will work with any IP-enabled device such as an IP telephone, a computer,
or even a personal digital assistant (PDA).
IP telephony works by taking traditional voice signals and converting them to
a form that can be easily transmitted over a local area network. Thus, the
heart of IP telephony is the same as traditional data networking with computers.
IP-enabled phones handle the voice-to-data conversion well, but don’t be
misled — implementing VoIP doesn’t mean that everyone has to use IP-enabled
phones. The best VoIP providers implement IP telephony in a manner that
protects your investment in existing telephone equipment, even if you have
analog telephone stations. (You’ll find more on this topic in Chapter 10.)
All IP phones have one important thing in common: a built-in network interface
card (NIC), just like a computer uses. The NIC is critical for any network
device because it provides the device with a physical address and a way to
communicate over the network.
The physical address supplied by a NIC is called a MAC address. MAC stands
for media access control. The MAC address uses a standardized address and
is usually represented by six hexadecimal numbers separated by dashes. For
example, the following is a valid MAC address: 00-0A-E4-02-7B-99.
To support IP telephony, a server is typically dedicated to run the software
used to manage calls. Servers are just like personal computers, except they
have more memory, speed, and capacity. The server stores the database that
contains all the MAC addresses corresponding to all the IP telephone extensions
assigned to users. Depending on the size of the LAN and the number of
users, you may use more than one server. For example, some LANs running IP
telephony dedicate a server just for handling voice mail.
Depending on the size of the LAN, one or more devices known as switches
are installed. These switches are boxes that have a series of ports into which
all LAN-addressable devices ultimately connect. (Examples of LAN-addressable
devices include computers, printers, wireless access devices, gateways, and
storage devices.) Usually the switches are set up in the communications closets
around the LAN, and they operate 24/7. All the switches are interconnected,
often with fiber-optic cable.
In a nutshell, all network devices, including your IP telephone, must physically
connect to the LAN through a port on a switch.

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